A major department store chain has a strict policy of banning photographs or videos of its sales floor or back-room operations. It also does not allow academics to conduct studies of it for publication in research journals. In fact, some of its own top managers refer to the management's policies on secrecy as "verging on paranoid." These policies indicate that the top management of the firm believes the organization's core competencies are:

Select one:

a. unobservable.

b. causally ambiguous.

c. imitable.

d. common.

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All of the following are examples of efforts by firms to address the physical segment of the general environment EXCEPT the:

Select one:

a. reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by Procter & Gamble.

b. reduction in water usage in plants by Unilever.

c. increase in hiring of women and minorities at Microsoft.

d. development of sustainable packaging by McDonald's.

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__________are the source of a firm's __________, which are the source of the firm's __________.

Select one:

a. Capabilities; resources; above-average returns

b. Resources; capabilities; core competencies

c. Core competencies; resources; competitive advantage

d. Capabilities; resources; core competencies

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According to the five forces model, an unattractive industry would include all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

Select one:

a. low supplier power due to commodity inputs.

b. high bargaining power of buyers due to low switching costs.

c. high threat of substitute products due to a large number of low-cost alternatives.

d. low barriers to enter.

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__________ can be viewed as the capacity to take action.

Select one:

a. Functional capabilities

b. Core competencies

c. Human capital

d. Strategic assets